Fallon
Super Member
There are 2 main types of trailer brakes for non CDL trailers. Electric drum brakes & hydraulic surge brakes.If you dont mind...how do they work, I think Ive seen a hydraulic brake line on my trailer ( one single line coming up to the tongue ) but you make it sound like its electric?
Electric are the most common. The controller in the tow vehicle sends varying levels of power back to magnets in the brakes. Those magnets engage the brake shoes. The more voltage the harder the braking.
The other type, popular with boat trailers & rental yards are hydraulic surge. They operate just like brakes in your car. Push in brake pedal, which pushes on the master cylinder, which pushes on the slave cylinders squeezing the brakes. Only the master cylinder is in the tongue of the trailer. When the vehicle slows down, the trailer tries to ram into the hitch & compresses the master cylinder.
You can easily test a brake controller by hitting the override lever & letting the trailer brakes slow the vehicle. Really you should be doing that every time you hitch up to validate things & recalibrate power levels every time the load changes. It's a bit harder to validate surge brakes are working correctly. They need periodic maintnance too or they freeze up & dont work.
Manually engaging electric brakes also stops sway in emergencies. Stomping on vehicle brakes makes sway worse. I have a big preference for electric brakes for this among other reasons.