Cetane rating is an indicator of combustion speed. It has nothing to do with the energy content of the fuel. Higher cetane rating means faster combustion speed. Octane is pretty much the opposite. It is the measure of the resistance to detonation from compression. Like the cetane rating, octane has nothing to do with the energy in the fuel. Don't take my word for it, there are plenty of publications available to the public online for no charge that explain how both cetane and octane rating work and how these rating are tested.
Eric
This is how cutaneous is measured:
From Dieselnet.com
“Cetane Number
Cetane numbers are measured using a method developed in the 1930s by the Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) Committee, and later standardized as ASTM D613. The test involves running the fuel in a single cylinder, continuously variable compression ratio CFR Cetane Engine. Two primary reference fuels (hydrocarbons) define the cetane number scale:
- n-hexadecane (also called cetane, n-C16H34), which has very good ignition quality, was assigned the cetane number of 100;
- 1-methylnaphthalene, which has a poor ignition quality, was assigned a cetane number of zero.
In 1962, the low cetane number reference fuel was replaced with 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (also called isocetane or HMN), which had better oxidation stability and was easier to use in the CFR engine. When measured against the two original standards, 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane has a cetane number of 15. When a fuel has the same ignition delay period as a mixture of the two primary reference fuels, its cetane number is derived from the volume percent of cetane and heptamethylnonane, as follows:
Cetane number = % cetane + 0.15 (% heptamethylnonane)(1)
In routine operations, the two primary reference fuels are replaced by two secondary reference fuels: T-fuel and U-fuel. These fuels are calibrated against the primary reference fuels and made available to testing labs by Chevron Phillips, the sole source supplier. The fuel supplier provides blend ratio instructions to achieve cetane numbers bounded by the values for the U and T fuels. Table 1 provides an example of T and U reference fuels, as well as their specifications.”