The Ford Mustang LX with a 4cy engine is a good example. 94hp
The V6 or V8 probably got similar or better gas mileage since the 4cyl was so under powered you had to keep it floored everywhere you went
Yep. I've actually owned the same vehicle with different engines before, and routinely saw the smaller engine getting
worse mileage around town, but better mileage on the highway. The reasoning seemed to be driving the engine way past its peak efficiency when trying to accelerate in town, versus ericm's noted friction factors on the highway.
Yep. I wondered a few months ago if the V6 Challenger would get better mileage with a 5.7.
But that would mean giving up the AWD, which I didn't want to do.
I was totally bummed when they stopped making the 5.7L AWD version ca.2016. Even more so when they didn't move the Magnum into the latest body style. If they'd made an AWD Magnum with
any V8, my wife would be driving one of those today, instead of the Durango R/T.
A smaller engine will have less internal friction. Friction is a major part of the wasted energy in an engine. A six will have about 3/4 the friction of an eight cylinder.
I think there's some very small truth in this, but probably only comes into play as a measurable factor in highway cruising, where produced horsepower versus engine RPM is minimized. For regular around town or country road driving, where acceleration represents the majority of fuel consumption, I can't imagine this factor is large enough to matter much.
Smaller engines will need more throttle to do the same accelleration or maintain the same speed. Having to suck air through a barely open throttle is less efficient than operating with the throttle open farther.
These factors don't change the car's aerodynamic drag or weight which are the two largest factors for fuel economy.
Exactly.
When you compare cars that can be had with different engines, the one with the larger engine usually gets worse mileage.
Not true! See above. I have made this comparison on more than one vehicle type (2.8L vs. 5.7L Camaro, same body, and 4.3L vs. 5.7L pickups, same body), and the smaller engines seem get the same or even worse mileage around town. Highway miles are where the small engines shine, and that must be a big factor in the manufacturer's published numbers, when they show smaller engines getting better mileage.
Sometimes the effect is masked if the car with the bigger engine gets a better transmission.
Good point!