Battery Blankets can be a big help at really cold temps. Above freezing starting most vehicles requires only a small part of most battery cranking capacity. When you go below freezing, your battery looses half of its cranking capacity and as its gets colder even more, which could make all the difference when it gets really cold. By keeping it warm, your cranking capacity is at its best. You can get away with a weak or a leesser CCA battery if you have other forms of keeping the engine warm such as a block, lower rad, or other types of heaters. If its really cold you could probably leave it plugged in all the time.
The actual frost plug block heaters, to me are the best as they heat the coolant jackets, as they heat, the entire block gets warm ( oil etc.). THey are just a super hot element attached to a power cord with no protection for over heating. The best way is on a timer as has been mentioned if you use your tractor or truck at regular times every day. If not just plug it in an hour or two before you need it depending on how cold it is as well. Leaving it on all the time will burn these out pretty fast and really not necessary. You just need to get the block warm before actual starting. The lower rad heater does similar as it heats the coolant/antifreeze which in turn heats the entire block and oil. This then leads to oil viscosity and again easier starting. If you are using a 0W40 or 5W40 a heater may not be as critical. If you stay with a 15W40 which many do year round, then a heater will be a big if not a necessary addition.
The other big thing is the viscosity of diesel fuel at low temps becomes harder to pump and ignite. Most use a conditioner of some kind.
Forgot to mention which is probably obvious to all, is anytime you can get easier starts which is what most heaters will do, will take a huge strain of the entire starting system, including battery and starter as well on start up getting to all the parts that need oil as quick as possible to prevent engine wear. The most engine wear is on cold start ups before the oil can get there. The quicker it gets there the better. Very cheap addition for longer term peace of mind and reliability
Just my $.02 from my experience
Dave