A few things to consider:
1. A cylinder with a 2' bore and a 1 1/2 rod does not have a lot of area to retract. Extend and retract force is not the same.
Lift cylinders use the full bore to raise but use the rod end to lower. Dump cylinders usually use the full bore to dump but the retract using the bore end. Opposite of the lift cylinders.
2 Some loaders have two different mounts for the cylinders that can affect travel of the loader frame.
Question does the relief valve squeal when trying to lower the laoader, this may indicate one of two things. 1 the cylinders are fully retracted 2 Since the rod end has less force, it willl not make enough force to over come the weight of the tractor.
Older tractors used single acting cylinders because either the tractor or loader frame was not strong enough to use down pressure, most also had mechanical trip buckets too.