I bet the course left out the books from the library at Alexandria, that were with the Moors and Ottomans that the Renaissance Italians "found" after defeating them in Italy. A lot of our modern science comes from these books, especially about the cosmos until the 1800's.
The Egyptians (and maybe earlier) had brain and other surgeries, as well as dental knowledge. They even had simple batteries/capacitors.
And brewed beer in a method where it had antibiotics.
And the RC church kept everyone illiterate to appease the nobility, what's wrong with that