Usually pumps can handle a good amount of surge. Most of the time the starter capacitor will die. At my old house, the power was terrible. The refigerator compressor was the first to die from all the power flickers.
As for lightning, I have experienced that too. I took a lightning hit... Three days later I had silt in my water. The fifth day the motor stopped. I replaced the starter capacitor and the pump started working again. Two days after that I had enough sand in my water that I could have started making beachfront property.
I call the well driller, he tells me lightning hit my well, blew a hole in the casing about 40 feet down. I called my insurance company, and they wanted me to prove the lightning damage by having the well driller back out my well casing. The well driller states the probability of getting the pipe out intact is very slim. I then was gambling that if I can prove the damage I get it paid for. If the pipe breaks, now I have to pay for the pipe being pulled out, and a new well. The insurance company won, I did not want to gamble and take the risk of paying an additional 2,000+ dollars for pulling the old pipe out.
The insurance companies know how to get out of paying!!
Joe