I'm looking into buying some kind of drill or seeder for planting grass. I need to do all of the following:
1) Overseed already established grass pastures (16 acres)
2) Start from scratch with another pasture (2 acres)
3) Seed turf near our house (Kentucky Bluegrass), about 1/3 acres.
4) Seed native grasses (Blue Grama) a little further from the house. 2/3 sq feet. (and Blue Grama seed is pricey, so drilling vs broadcasting will have some payback!)
In total, I have 20 acres that are mostly grass and I will need to maintain on an ongoing basis.
I have both a Kubota Grand L 4740, a tiller, and a chain harrow.
My only experience so far seeding was on 1/4 acre, with annual rye. I tilled, dragged the chain harrow, seeded (with a human-propelled wheeled fertilizer spreader), then dragged once more. I found that the soil was probably not compacted enough, as the areas where the tractor tires ran sprouted much thicker and faster than the other areas.
What is the difference between a "drill" and a "seeder"? "Grain" vs "grass"?
Any suggestions for an all-purpose solution?
Thanks,
Jeff
A drill (aka grain drill) is used to row-plant larger size seeds (wheat, oats, etc) in hayfields. Here's the one I restored--a vintage Minneapolis Moline P3-6 grain drill (10-ft wide, 20 drops, 6" between rows, single disc openers to make the groove to receive the seed).


The large seed box can also be used to spread fertilizer and seed/fertilizer mixes in rows.
A grass seeder is optimized to handle small size seed (ryegrass, vetch, fescue, etc). Grain drills sometimes have grass seed boxes attached to the larger grain/fertilizer box. You can see the grass boxers in the photos above.
One problem with this type of grass seeder is that it plants in rows. If you want to plant in a solid line (curtain seeding), you can use drop spreaders like those made by Gandy, Brillion, Landpride and several others.
I made a drop spreader using the grass seed boxes on my grain drills. I welded a tube frame to carry the boxes, a pair of 2-bounce seed chutes, chains, axles and drive wheels.


I planted a Lana vetch/annual ryegrass mix with this custom drop seeder last Nov. The seed was pressed into the surface using my 9-ft wide cultipacker.
There are also several types of broadcast spreaders: ones that use a spinning disc; pendulum spreaders (google these names to see what they look like).
All purpose seeder: cheapest way to go is the spinning disc broadcast spreader. These devices work OK for larger size seed and pelletized fertilizers. Smaller seed is usually mixed with larger size particles (fertilizer pellets, sand, pea gravel, etc) to get the broadcast spreader to work adequately.
Good luck.