toppop52
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Dennis, functionally today, yes, unfortunately.
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Dennis, functionally today, yes, unfortunately.
Gator6x4
Super Star Member
A partial listing of religious beliefs. Which ones do we post?
Abrahamic religions
Main article: Abrahamic religions
A group of monotheistic traditions sometimes grouped with one another for comparative purposes, because all refer to a patriarch named Abraham.
Babism
Main article: B畸ism
Azali
Bah? Faith
Main article: Bah? Faith
Christianity
Main article: Christianity
See also: List of Christian denominations
Catholicism
Main article: Catholic Church
Protestantism
Main article: Protestantism
Eastern Orthodoxy
Main article: Eastern Orthodox Church
Other Eastern Churches Oriental Orthodox Church
Assyrian Church of the East
Other groups
Bible Student movement
Christian Universalism
Latter Day Saint movement
Nontrinitarianism
Swedenborgianism
Unitarianism
Druze
Main article: Druze
Gnosticism
Main article: Gnosticism
See also: List of Gnostic sects
Christian Gnosticism Ebionites
Cerdonians Marcionism (not entirely Gnostic)
Colorbasians
Simonians
Early Gnosticism Borborites
Cainites
Carpocratians
Ophites
Hermeticism
Medieval Gnosticism Cathars
Bogomils
Paulicianism
Tondrakians
Persian Gnosticism Mandaeanism
Manichaeism Bagnolians
Syrian-Egyptic Gnosticism
Main article: Syrian-Egyptic Gnosticism
Sethians Basilidians
Valentinians Bardesanites
Islam
Main article: Islam
See also: Islamic schools and branches
Kalam Schools
Main article: Kalam
Ash'ari
Kalam
Maturidi
Murji'ah
Mu'tazili
Kharijite
Main article: Kharijite
Ibadi (Only surviving sect)
Azraqi
Haruriyya
Sufri
Shia Islam
Main article: Shia Islam
Ismailism Mustaali / Bohra
Nizari
Jafari Twelvers Akhbari
Shaykhi
Usuli
Alawites
Alevi / Bektashi
Zaidiyyah
Sufism
Main article: Sufism
Bektashi
Chishti
Mevlevi
Mujaddediyah
Naqshbandi Jahriyya
Khufiyya
Nimatullahi
Tariqah
Quadiriyyah
Sufi Order International
Sufism Reoriented
Suhrawardiyya
Tijani
Universal Sufism Dances of Universal Peace
Sunni Islam
Main article: Sunni Islam
Hanafi Barelvi
Deobandi
Gedimu
Yihewani
Xidaotang
Hanbali
Maliki
Shafi'i
Other Islamic Groups Ahl-e Hadith or Salafi
Ahl-e Haqq or Yarsan
Ahl-e Quran
Ahmadiyya Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement
Al-Fatiha Foundation
Canadian Muslim Union
European Islam
Five Percenters
Ittifaq al-Muslimin
Jamaat al-Muslimeen
Jadid
Liberal Muslims
Muslim Canadian Congress
Moorish Science Temple of America
Mahdavia
Gohar Shahi Messiah Foundation International
International_Spiritual_Movement_Anjuman_Serfaroshan-e-Islam
Nation of Islam
Progressive British Muslims
Progressive Muslim Union
Qur'an Alone
Tolu-e-Islam
United Submitters International
Wahabi
Zikri
Judaism
Main article: Judaism
See also: Jewish Denominations
Rabbinic Judaism
Main article: Rabbinic Judaism
Orthodox Judaism Haredi Judaism
Hasidic Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism
Conservative Judaism Masorti
Conservadox Judaism Union for Traditional Judaism
Reform Judaism
Progressive Judaism Liberal Judaism
Karaite Judaism
Main article: Karaite Judaism
Falasha or Beta ****** Modern Non-Rabbinic Judaism Alternative Judaism
Humanistic Judaism (not always identified as a religion)
Jewish Renewal
Reconstructionist Judaism
Historical groups Essenes
Pharisees (ancestor of Rabbinic Judaism)
Sadducees (possible ancestor of Karaite Judaism)
Zealots Sicarii
Sects that believed Jesus was a prophet Ebionites
Elkasites
Nazarenes
Sabbateans Frankists
Rastafari movement
Main article: Rastafari movement
Mandaeans and Sabians
Main articles: Mandaeism and Sabians
Mandaeism
Sabians Sabians of Harran
Mandaean Nasaraean Sabeans
Samaritanism
Main article: Samaritanism
Shabakism
Main article: Shabak people
Indian religions
Main article: Indian religions
Religions that originated in India and religions and traditions related to, and descended from, them.
Ayyavazhi
Main article: Ayyavazhi
Bhakti movement
Main article: Bhakti movement
Kabir Panth
Sant Mat
Ravidassia Religion
Buddhism
Main article: Schools of Buddhism
Nikaya schools (which have historically been called Hinayana in the West) Theravada Sri Lankan Amarapura Nikaya
Sri Lankan Siam Nikaya
Sri Lankan Rama?a Nikaya
Bangladeshi Sangharaj Nikaya
Bangladeshi Mahasthabir Nikaya
Burmese Thudhamma Nikaya Vipassana tradition of Mahasi Sayadaw and disciples
Burmese Shwekyin Nikaya
Burmese Dvaya Nikaya
Thai Maha Nikaya Dhammakaya Movement
Thai Thammayut Nikaya Thai Forest Tradition Tradition of Ajahn Chah
Mahayana Humanistic Buddhism
Madhyamaka Prāsangika
Svatantrika
Sanlun (Three Treatise school) Sanron
Maha-Madhyamaka (Jonangpa)
Nichiren Nichiren Shū
Nichiren Shōshū
Nipponzan Myōhōji
Soka Gakkai
Pure Land Jodo Shu
Jodo Shinshu
Tathagatagarbha Daśabhūmikā (absorbed into Huayan)
Huayan school (Avataṃsaka) Hwaeom
Kegon
Tiantai Tendai
Cheontae
Yogācāra Cittamatra in Tibet
Wei-Shi (Consciousness-only school) or Faxiang (Dharma-character school) Beopsang
Hossō
Chan / Zen / Seon / Thien Caodong Sōtō Keizan line
Jakuen line
Giin line
Linji Rinzai
Ōbaku
Fuke Zen
Won Buddhism: Korean Reformed Buddhism
Kwan Um School of Zen
Sanbo Kyodan
Vajrayana Shingon Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism B?
Gelukpa
Kagyupa Dagpo Kagyu Karma Kagyu
Barom Kagyu
Drukpa Kagyu
Shangpa Kagyu
Nyingmapa
Sakyapa Jonangpa
New Buddhist movements Aum Shinrikyo (now known as Aleph)[5]
Diamond Way
Friends of the Western Buddhist Order
New Kadampa Tradition[6]
Share International
True Buddha School
Vipassana movement
The Osho or Rajneesh movement
Din-i-Ilahi
Din-i-Ilahi
Hinduism
See also: Hindu denominations
Swaminarayan
Shrauta
Lingayatism
Shaivism
Shaktism
Tantrism Ananda Marga[7]
Smartism
Vaishnavism Gaudiya Vaishnavism ISKCON (Hare Krishna)[8]
Hindu reform movements Arya Samaj[9]
Brahmo Samaj
Ramakrishna Mission
Satya Dharma
Satsang of Thakur Anukulchandra
Matua Mahasangha
Hinduism in Indonesia
Major schools and movements of Hindu philosophy
Main article: Hindu philosophy
Nyaya
Purva mimamsa
Samkhya
Vaisheshika
Vedanta (Uttara Mimamsa) Advaita Vedanta
Integral Yoga
Vishishtadvaita
Dvaita Vedanta
Yoga Ashtanga Yoga
Bhakti Yoga
Raja yoga
Karma yoga
Jnana yoga
Kundalini yoga
Hatha yoga
Siddha Yoga
Surat Shabd Yoga
Tantric Yoga
Sahaja Yoga
Jainism
Main article: Jainism
Digambara Bisapanthi[10]
Digambar Terapanth
Taran Panth
Kanji Panth[10]
Shvetambara Svetambar Terapanth
Murtipujaka or Deravasi
Sthanakvasi
Meivazhi
Meivazhi
Sikhism
Main article: Sikhism
Khalsa Nihang
Amritdhari original and real Sikhs
Namdhari or Kuka Sikhs
Sahajdhari Sikh
Ravidasi
Iranian religions
Main article: Iranian religions
B畸ism
Bah? Faith
Mandaeism
Manichaeism
Manichaeism
Mazdakism
Mazdakism
Mithraism
Mithraism
Yazdç©—ism
Main article: Yazdç©—ism
Alevi
Yarsani
Yazidi
Zoroastrianism
Main article: Zoroastrianism
Zurvanism
East Asian religions
Main article: East Asian religions
Confucianism
Main article: Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism
New Confucianism
Shinto
Main articles: Shinto and Shinto sects and schools
Taoism
Main article: Taoism
Other
Caodaism
Chinese folk religion
Chondogyo
Falun Gong
Hoa Hao
I-Kuan Tao
Jeung San Do
Mohism
Oomoto
Seicho-No-Ie
Tenrikyo
African diasporic religions
See also: African diasporic religions
African diasporic religions are a number of related religions that developed in the Americas among African slaves and their descendants in various countries of the Caribbean Islands and Latin America, as well as parts of the southern United States. They derive from African traditional religions, especially of West and Central Africa, showing similarities to the Yoruba religion in particular.
Batuque
Candombl
Dahomey mythology
Haitian mythology
Kumina
Macumba
Mami Wata
Obeah
Oyotunji
Quimbanda
Santer? (Lukumi)
Umbanda[11]
Vodou
Indigenous traditional religions
See also: Paganism and Folk religion
Traditionally, these faiths have all been classified "Pagan", but scholars prefer the terms "indigenous/primal/folk/ethnic religions".
African
Main article: African traditional religions
West Africa Akan mythology
Ashanti mythology (Ghana)
Dahomey (Fon) mythology
Efik mythology (Nigeria, Cameroon)
Igbo mythology (Nigeria, Cameroon)
Isoko mythology (Nigeria)
Yoruba mythology (Nigeria, Benin)
Central Africa Bushongo mythology (Congo)
Bambuti (Pygmy) mythology (Congo)
Lugbara mythology (Congo)
East Africa Akamba mythology (East Kenya)
Dinka mythology (Sudan)
Lotuko mythology (Sudan)
Masai mythology (Kenya, Tanzania)
Southern Africa Khoisan religion
Lozi mythology (Zambia)
Tumbuka mythology (Malawi)
Zulu mythology (South Africa)
American
Main article: Native American mythology
Abenaki mythology
Anishinaabe
Aztec mythology
Blackfoot mythology
Cherokee mythology
Chickasaw mythology
Choctaw mythology
Creek mythology
Crow mythology
Ghost Dance
Guarani mythology
Haida mythology
Ho-Chunk mythology (aka: Winnebago)
Hopi mythology
Inca mythology
Indian Shaker Church
Inuit mythology
Iroquois mythology
Keetoowah Nighthawk Society
Kuksu
Kwakiutl mythology
Lakota mythology
Leni Lenape mythology
Longhouse religion
Mapuche mythology
Maya mythology
Midewiwin
Miwok
Native American Church
Navajo mythology
Nootka mythology
Ohlone mythology
Olmec mythology
Pomo mythology
Pawnee mythology
Salish mythology
Selk'nam religion
Seneca mythology
Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
Sun Dance
Tsimshian mythology
Urarina
Ute mythology
Wyandot religion
Zuni mythology
Eurasian
Main article: Eurasian Indigenous Religions
Asian Bon
Chinese mythology
Japanese mythology
Korean shamanism
Koshintō
Siberian Shamanism
Tengrism
European Asatru
Estonian mythology
Eskimo religion
Finnish mythology and Finnish paganism
Marla faith
Odinism
Hungarian folk religion
Sami religion (including the Noaidi)
Tadibya
Wotanism
Oceania/Pacific
Australian Aboriginal mythology
Austronesian beliefs Balinese mythology
Javanese beliefs
Melanesian mythology
Micronesian mythology Modekngei
Nauruan indigenous religion
Philippine mythology Anito
Gab
Kulam
Polynesian mythology Hawaiian mythology
Maori mythology Maori religion
Rapa Nui mythology Moai
Tangata manu
Cargo cults
Main article: Cargo cults
John Frum
Johnson cult
Prince Philip Movement
Vailala Madness
Historical polytheism
Further information: Prehistoric religion and History of religion
Ancient Near Eastern
Main article: Ancient Near Eastern religions
Ancient Egyptian religion
Ancient Semitic religions
Mesopotamian mythology Arabian mythology (pre-Islamic)
Babylonian and Assyrian religion Babylonian mythology
Chaldean mythology
Canaanite mythology Canaanite religion
Hittite mythology
Persian mythology
Sumerian mythology
Indo-European
Main article: Proto-Indo-European religion
Proto-Indo-Iranian religion Historical Vedic religion
Persian mythology
Baltic polytheism
Celtic polytheism Brythonic mythology
Gaelic mythology
Germanic polytheism Anglo-Saxon religion
Continental Germanic religion
Norse religion
Greek polytheism
Finnish polytheism
Hungarian polytheism
Roman polytheism
Slavic polytheism
Hellenistic
Main article: Hellenistic religion
Mystery religions Eleusinian Mysteries
Mithraism
Orphism
Pythagoreanism
Gallo-Roman religion
Mysticism and Occult
Esotericism and mysticism
Main articles: Esotericism and Mysticism
Anthroposophy
Christian mysticism
Esoteric Christianity
Hindu mysticism Tantra
Vaastu Shastra
Martinism
Meher Baba[12]
Melanin Spirituality
Rosicrucian Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis[13]
Rosicrucian Fellowship
Sufism
Theosophy
Occult and magic
Main articles: Occultism, Magic (paranormal), and Magick
Ceremonial magic Enochian magic
Goetic magic
Chaos magic
Hoodoo (Rootwork) New Orleans Voodoo
Kulam Filipino witchcraft
National Socialism and Occultism
Pow-wow
Sei? Norse sorcery
Thelema
Wicca
Witchcraft
Neopaganism
Main article: List of Neopagan movements
Main article: Paganism (contemporary)
Syncretic
Adonism
Church of All Worlds
Church of Aphrodite
Feraferia
Neo-Druidism Reformed Druids of North America
Neoshamanism
Neo-v?kisch movements
Technopaganism
Unitarian Universalist
Ethnic
Baltic Neopaganism
Celtic Neopaganism
Finnish Neopaganism
Germanic Neopaganism
Hellenic Neopaganism
Kemetism
Roman Neopaganism
Semitic Neopaganism
Slavic Neopaganism
Taaraism
New religious movements
Main article: List of new religious movements
Creativity
Creativity (religion)
New Thought
Main article: New Thought
Christian Science
Divine Science
Religious Science
Unity Church
Jewish Science
Seicho-no-Ie
Shinshukyo
Main article: Shinshūkyō
Church of World Messianity
Konkokyo
Oomoto
PL Kyodan
Seicho-No-Ie
Tenrikyo
Left-hand path religions
Main article: Left-hand path and right-hand path
Satanism LaVeyan Satanism
Theistic Satanism
Demonolatry
Luciferianism
Setianism
Fictional religions
Main article: List of fictional religions
Parody or mock religions
Church of Euthanasia
Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster
Church of the SubGenius
Dudeism
Iglesia Maradoniana
Invisible Pink Unicorn
Kibology
Landover Baptist Church
Last Thursdayism
Butter Boy (comic strip)
Others
Black Hebrew Israelites
Cult of the Supreme Being
Deism
Discordianism
Eckankar
Ethical Culture
Fourth Way
Pastafarianism/ Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster
Humanism
Jediism[14]
Juche
Meher Baba
Native American Church
Naturalistic Pantheism
Nuwaubian Nation
Ra?ism
Scientology
Secular Humanism
Subud
Unitarian Universalism
Universal Life Church
Other categorisations
By demographics
Main article: Religious demographics
List of religious populations
By area
Further information: Religion geography
Religion in Africa
Religion in Asia
Religion in Australia
Religion in Europe
Religion in North America
Oceania / Pacific
Religion in South America
Religion by country List of state-established religions
Buddhism by country
Christianity by country Roman Catholicism by country
Protestantism by country
Hinduism by country
Islam by country
Judaism by country, Jewish population
Sikhism by country
See also
Civil religion
List of Catholic rites and churches
List of religious organizations
Lists of people by belief
Mythology
Shamanism
Totemism
Western esotericism
References
1.^ (Clifford Geertz, Religion as a Cultural System, 1973)
2.^ (Talal Asad, The Construction of Religion as an Anthropological Category, 1982.)
3.^ Harvey, Graham (2000). Indigenous Religions: A Companion. (Ed: Graham Harvey). London and New York: Cassell. Page 06.
4.^ Vergote, Antoine, Religion, belief and unbelief: a psychological study, Leuven University Press, 1997, p. 89
5.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 1073. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
6.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 1112. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
7.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 1001. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
8.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 997. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
9.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 1004. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
10.^ a b "Welcome to Jainworld - Jain Sects - tirthankaras, jina, sadhus, sadhvis, 24 tirthankaras, digambara sect, svetambar sect, Shraman Dharma, Nirgranth Dharma". Jainworld.com. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
11.^ Smith, Christian; Joshua Prokopy (1999). Latin American Religion in Motion. New York, New York: Routledge, pp. 279?80. ISBN 978-0-415-92106-0
12.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 991. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
13.^ Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc., p. 841. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0
14.^ Church of Jediism
tcreeley
Elite Member
Religion is not excluded, but no functionary arm of government can in any way choose one religion over another, or put people in a position where they have no choice but to be exposed to the religious doctrine. - example is school prayer.
Gator6x4
Super Star Member
Not really. The posting was to illustrate that we as a nation have a very large number of different and diverse religious beliefs among the population in the United States. Choosing and selecting religious dogma from one of the many religions for public postings and utterances and excluding the others would not be correct or proper.
The diverse religious makeup has served us as a nation well and provided comfort and support to the populace during some very trying times.
All religious beliefs should be respected and treated equally. The religious beliefs of one of the great many beliefs should not take precedence and truncate the beliefs of other.
We are very fortunate to live in a country which gives us the freedom to choose our religious beliefs and provides safeguards to insure one religious belief does not take precedence over another.
toppop52
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Gator6x4 said:
Or be singled out to be repressed.
Mace Canute
Elite Member
From Rise and fall of Maya civilization linked to climate change | Geekquinox - Yahoo! News Canada
Climate Change is not something new, it has happened in the past a loooong time ago....before we (mankind) really got going on the production of CO2. Imagine that...
Climate Change is not something new, it has happened in the past a loooong time ago....before we (mankind) really got going on the production of CO2. Imagine that...
Loren49
Veteran Member
Of which you're a major contributor.
I never said it wasn't law today, I said the Constitution did not specifically separate the two as mutually exclusive, it simply disallowed the promotion or denial thereof.Those saying so are just plain wrong, were yesterday, will be tomorrow. There are many laws today "ruled constitutional", that bear little or no resemblance to the original words or meanings.
And I see you skipped responding to the fact that you and many liberals want to quote Jefferson's letter as if it were some official document actually related in time somehow to the Constitution as written, when in fact it was a personal opinion written decades later and a private communication with a friend. Typical of your ilk, though.
I am certainly a contributor of "hot air" on this subject but "major" is a bit harsh......do you own a mirror and if so do you look into it?
--------------------------------
Jefferson's Wall of Separation Letter - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
Thomas Jefferson was a man of deep religious conviction his conviction was that religion was a very personal matter, one which the government had no business getting involved in. He was vilified by his political opponents for his role in the passage of the 1786 Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom and for his criticism of such biblical events as the Great Flood and the theological age of the Earth. As president, he discontinued the practice started by his predecessors George Washington and John Adams of proclaiming days of fasting and thanksgiving. He was a staunch believer in the separation of church and state.
Jefferson wrote a letter to the Danbury Baptist Association in 1802 to answer a letter from them written in October 1801. A copy of the Danbury letter is available here. The Danbury Baptists were a religious minority in Connecticut, and they complained that in their state, the religious liberties they enjoyed were not seen as immutable rights, but as privileges granted by the legislature as "favors granted." Jefferson's reply did not address their concerns about problems with state establishment of religion only of establishment on the national level. The letter contains the phrase "wall of separation between church and state," which led to the short-hand for the Establishment Clause that we use today: "Separation of church and state."
The letter was the subject of intense scrutiny by Jefferson, and he consulted a couple of New England politicians to assure that his words would not offend while still conveying his message: it was not the place of the Congress or the Executive to do anything that might be misconstrued as the establishment of religion
------------------------------------------
Unless the Danbury Baptist Association is a friend and 1791 to 1802 is decades you are loose on the facts. It also appears there is much to support the contention that Jefferson wanted government out of the business of religion. I've copied a few of the quotes from other letters. Copying and pasting is better than making things up.
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The following site references more about 18 statements or actions by Jefferson which do not support your arguement:
Thomas Jefferson on church and state
Constitution gives no power over religion to the federal government:
Believing that religion is a matter which lies solely between man and his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legislative powers of government reach actions only, and not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their Legislature should "make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof," thus building a wall of separation between Church and State (Letter to the Danbury Baptists, 1802).
Religion is a subject on which I have ever been most scrupulously reserved. I have considered it as a matter between every man and his Maker in which no other, and far less the public, had a right to intermeddle (letter to Robert Rush, 1813).
I consider the government of the United States as interdicted by the Constitution from intermeddling in religious institutions, their doctrines, discipline, or exercises. This results not only from the provision that no law shall be made respecting the establishment or free exercise of religion, but from that also which reserves to the states the powers not delegated to the United States. Certainly, no power to prescribe any religious exercise or to assume authority in religious discipline has been delegated to the General Government. It must rest with the States, as far as it can be in any human authority (letter to Samuel Miller, Jan. 23, 1808).
I do not believe it is for the interest of religion to invite the civil magistrate to direct its exercises, its discipline, or its doctrines; nor of the religious societies that the general government should be invested with the power of effecting any uniformity of time or matter among them. Fasting and prayer are religious exercises. The enjoining them, an act of discipline. Every religious society has a right to determine for itself the times for these exercises and the objects proper for them according to their own particular tenets; and this right can never be safer than in their own hands where the Constitution has deposited it... Every one must act according to the dictates of his own reason, and mine tells me that civil powers alone have been given to the President of the United States, and no authority to direct the religious exercises of his constituents (letter to Samuel Miller, Jan. 23, 1808).
Bill of Rights is finally ratified — History.com This Day in History — 12/15/1791
On December 15, 1791, Virginia became the 10th of 14 states to approve 10 of the 12 amendments, thus giving the Bill of Rights the two-thirds majority of state ratification necessary to make it legal
Separation of church and state - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Treaty of Tripoli
Main article: Treaty of Tripoli
In 1797, the United States Senate ratified a treaty with Tripoli that stated in Article 11:
As the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquility, of Mussulmen; and, as the said States never entered into any war, or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, it is declared by the parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions, shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries.[16]
According to Frank Lambert, Professor of History at Purdue University, the assurances in Article 11 were "intended to allay the fears of the Muslim state by insisting that religion would not govern how the treaty was interpreted and enforced. President John Adams and the Senate made clear that the pact was between two sovereign states, not between two religious powers."[17]
Check out the view of John Adams:
Positive Atheism's Big List of John Adams Quotations
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I originally ignored your statement for good reason!
Loren
- Status
