Maine has (MAP) Maine Apprenticeship Program, a state supported collaboration between employers, students, unions & trade groups.
Maine Apprenticeship Program | Maine CareerCenter
There is quite list of skilled trades the program will cover.
http://maine.gov/labor/careerctr/docs/me_list.pdf
They say apprenticeship positions go begging in Maine. So, somehow the program is not delivering the desired results.
I think some improvement is needed in how schools function in the career development area, child labor laws need some exceptions perhaps, and employers need to, and be enabled to, take on more of a "grow your own" approach in some cases. By and large people will go where opportunity leads them. When that fails, either the opportunity, the promotion of the opportunity, or the leadership is lacking.
I say this as a person who began their own career as a HS Industrial arts teacher in the mid-70's when shop class was already a somewhat of a dumping ground and refuge for those who needed credits and couldn't earn them in math and science classes. Joint vocational schools were coming into their own at that time which de-emphasized less career-oriented Industrial Arts programs.
Money flowed to the vocational schools and away from shop classes in the regular schools. It took a while for vocational schools to overcome the stigma attached to them in the early days that functioned as a disincentive for talented students. The idea of "Why would you be in a vocational school? You can attend college", was and may still be pretty common.
As for the regular shop classes, now that vocational schools siphoned off the serious pre-craftsmen, you won't find many bright and talented kids who will sign-up for an elective class when they know they will be with the skaters, behavior challenged, and learning disabled. Why would they? They can attend college prep classes and avoid the undesirable elements in their prison, er - school. :laughing:
Beyond the social aspects, what or how much can a teacher do for a student reading at Grade 12+ level in a high school classroom dominated by those reading at Grade 7 level? You can bore them to death, that's what. I know there is an emphasis on individualized learning now, but that has practical limits.
I think we should provide a better path explicitly designed for skilled trade development. If a student is 16-years-old, has completed the 10th grade, can pass a test demonstrating basic abilities in math, science, and English, and expresses an interest in an apprenticeship program, then turn 'em loose to go do what they want full-time.
Of course, that needs some structure. Such as a summer internship between the 10th and 11th grade to test the waters and be accepted or rejected by an eventual employer who is willing and able to provide a two year paying work-study/apprenticeship program. If the student doesn't succeed at that, put them back in regular school--now there is motivation. :laughing:
For those who do succeed, traditional school is behind them and their focus is on developing skills while earning a growing paycheck. They would still have classroom studies as needed for their trade, but everybody in the room would be there for the same reasons and actually know why. Students could still attain a HS diploma, and a reasonably well-rounded education, by using on-line courses. Their regular high school could pay for that over an available window of say four years or so.