For 30 or 40 years, I pressure washed the engines in my cars and pickups at coin operated car washes. In more recent times, I do it at home and I may use plain water, or I may apply Simple Green first and then rinse. And depending on how dirty it is, I may use only the spray nozzle on the garden hose, or I may use my Husky Powerwasher. And occasionally I've even used the special pressure washer detergent. When I was cleaning my tractors, I also had a spray gun to which I attached both the garden hose and the air hose from the compressor. I've never worried about the electrical stuff.
The only precautions I take are:
(1) I never hit a hot engine with cold water,
(2) I avoid spraying water into the air intake, and
(3) After washing I always run the engine long enough to get it hot enough to thoroughly dry it.
Of course, I'll never forget the one and only time an engine failed to start after washing. I washed the 350 cu. in. V-8 engine in my 1970 Olds 88 sedan at a coin operated car wash and then it didn't want to start. Some of you may be old enough to remember the little door on the side of the distributor that slid up to open and down to close. It was there to permit adjusting the dwell with the engine running. Well, I found that little door was open and I had filled the distributor with water. I used facial tissue we had in the car to dry it out and it started just fine, but I certainly made sure that door was closed from then on when I went to wash the engine.