Sales taxes are the broadest, most fair option to replace other means of taxation. Easy to implement. Hard to avoid. Captures taxes from people who currently avoid any taxation...people who earn illegally, people who are resident aliens, visitors, etc. All of the negatives associated with sales taxes can easily be ameliorated by public policy that helps the truly poor.
The problem with tariffs is that they are regulatory more than income generating. That is why they were replaced. Northern manufacturers insisted on high tariffs that helped them and harmed Southern and Western farmers. Tariffs become a political football because they are twisted based on what and where. If tariffs are successful as a policy item, they cease to raise money. Hypothetically, all production becomes domestic.
Sales taxes push legislators (local, state and federal) to do what they can to improve the economy in order to increase revenues. (Requires that rates are fixed).
The other big reason tariffs don't work in today's government...the income tax led to a huge balloon of the spending side.
View attachment 4491793