How I bought my first house.
I was working in a job where I had to work Overtime and I also got hazard pay when on certain bases.
I had that money got directly into a separate bank account.
It all adds up and after three years had a downpayment ready, still single at the time.
I bought a fixer upper. Worked with a guy who had a job in maintenance and we redid the back of the house, stairs and down stairs bathroom. I bought the materials, did all demo. The tow of us reassembled, he did the final finishing , which I am awful at.
When I got married, the wife and I redid the basement, then replaced carpets etc. and sold the house for more than double what I paid.
This is also how my Friends kids currently bought their houses, the money funneled into a 2nd account can really help.
As for ESOP , I did that with one company that set a discount price on stock. So it would have to really go down to have an affect. Had to leave it for 2 years.
2 years after I left I cashed all of it out and did ok, that front discount really made a difference.
I was offered set price stock in another company I worked for, did not take that one.
The company was doing some stupid contract bidding.
The stock was close to worthless before they got sold to another company, so dodged a bullet just by thinking through how they were doing business wise.
I did get stung once in another company where the vestment was three years for the 401K matching. I left after 3.5 years, only to find out the new owners had a 5 year vestment and I lost close to 20K (market had been way up on those 3 years).
That's when I found out that the terms could change.